A number remaining divided (5)
I believe the answer is:
cleft
'divided' is the definition.
(similar in meaning)
'a number remaining' is the wordplay.
'a number' becomes 'C' (C is an example).
'remaining' becomes 'left' (synonyms).
'c'+'left'='CLEFT'
(Other definitions for cleft that I've seen before include "rent" , "Opening, fissure" , "Split or indentation" , "Fissure in rock" , "Split (as a stick)" .)