Badly missing (4)
I believe the answer is:
awol
'missing' is the definition.
(military abbreviation for absent without leave)
I cannot understand how the rest of the clue works.
Can you help me to learn more?
(Other definitions for awol that I've seen before include "Army offence of being missing from duty, briefly" , "'Absent without permission, initially (4)'" , "Absent without leave (abbrev.)" , "Absent without permission, in short" , "Not present when supposed to be" .)