Be taking on a number only to get vanquished (6)

I believe the answer is:

beaten

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'vanquished' is the definition.
(beating is a kind of vanquishing)

'be taking on a number only' is the wordplay.
'taking on' says to put letters next to each other.
'number only' becomes 'ten' (ten is a kind of number. I am not sure about the 'only' bit.).
'be'+'a'+'ten'='BEATEN'

'to get' acts as a link.

Can you help me to learn more?

(Other definitions for beaten that I've seen before include "Stuffed" , "Conquered" , "Defeated like whisked egg" , "Worsted" , "Trounced" .)

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