Crossword Genius

Capital happened to be unprepared in retreat (6)

Ross

I believe the answer is:

warsaw

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'capital' is the definition.
(capital of Poland)

'happened to be unprepared in retreat' is the wordplay.
'happened to' becomes 'was' (I am not sure about this - if you are sure you should give a lot more credence to this answer).
'be unprepared' becomes 'raw' (I've seen this in another clue).
'in retreat' is a reversal indicator.
'was'+'raw'='wasraw'
'wasraw' backwards is 'WARSAW'.

Can you help me to learn more?

(Other definitions for warsaw that I've seen before include "Capital of a European Union state" , "Capital city on the Vistula" , "Polands capital" , "Capital city of Poland" , "Poland's largest city" .)

I've seen this clue in the Sydney Morning Herald.
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