Chart the French use of this tree (5)
I believe the answer is:
maple
'use of this tree' is the definition.
'maple' can be an answer for 'tree' (maple is a kind of tree). I am unsure of the 'use of this' bit.
'chart the french' is the wordplay.
'chart' becomes 'map' (synonyms).
'the french' becomes 'le' ('the' in French).
'map'+'le'='MAPLE'
Can you help me to learn more?
(Other definitions for maple that I've seen before include "Emblematic tree of Canada" , "Hard light-coloured wood used for furniture" , "Ample sort of tree" , "Tree producing syrup" , "Tree cultivated for its sap" .)