Clergyman took after dog (6)
I believe the answer is:
curate
'clergyman' is the definition.
(curate is a kind of clergyman)
'took after dog' is the wordplay.
'took' becomes 'ate' (eating is a kind of taking).
'after' says to put letters next to each other.
'dog' becomes 'cur' (I've seen this before**).
'ate' after 'cur' is 'CURATE'.
(Other definitions for curate that I've seen before include "Minister of religion" , "A truce (anag)" , "His egg is said to be good in parts." , "assistant rector" , "Junior church minister" .)