Confusing names initially is a pathological condition (7)
I believe the answer is:
amnesia
'pathological condition' is the definition.
'amnesia' can be an answer for 'condition' (I have seen 'Mental condition' mean 'amnesia' so perhaps 'condition' could also mean 'amnesia'). I'm not certain of the 'pathological' bit.
'confusing names initially is a' is the wordplay.
'confusing' is an anagram indicator.
'initially' suggests taking the first letters.
The first letter of 'is' is 'i'.
'names' with letters rearranged gives 'amnes'.
'amnes'+'i'+'a'='AMNESIA'
Can you help me to learn more?
(Other definitions for amnesia that I've seen before include "Elephants won't suffer such" , "Recall trouble" , "Asia men with memory loss (7)" , "memory problem" , "Seaman I found in state of memory loss" .)