Country Castro and CIA transformed (5,4)
I believe the answer is:
costa rica
'country' is the definition.
(Costa Rica is an example)
'castro and cia transformed' is the wordplay.
'and' says to put letters next to each other.
'transformed' indicates anagramming the letters.
'castro' put after 'cia' is 'ciacastro'.
'ciacastro' with letters rearranged gives 'COSTA RICA'.
(Other definitions for costa rica that I've seen before include "Central American country, capital San Jose" , "A Socratic country in Central America, oddly" , "Central American republic" , "A Socratic kind of country in S America" , "Central American nation" .)