Cultured city at the end of Caliphate (6)
I believe the answer is:
urbane
'cultured' is the definition.
('urbane' can be a synonym of 'cultured')
'city at the end of caliphate' is the wordplay.
'city' becomes 'urban' (I've seen this before).
'at the end of' says to take the final letters.
The final letter of 'caliphate' is 'e'.
'urban'+'e'='URBANE'
(Other definitions for urbane that I've seen before include "Unbare, being suave." , "Polished -- sophisticated" , "Cosmopolitan" , "Sophisticated and elegant - sounds citified" , "Cultured" .)