Damage part of wheel caught in catch (9)
I believe the answer is:
detriment
'damage' is the definition.
(I know that detriment is a type of damage)
'part of wheel caught in catch' is the wordplay.
'part of wheel' becomes 'rim' ('rim' is part of 'wheel').
'caught in' means one lot of letters goes inside another.
'catch' becomes 'detent' (detent is a kind of catch).
'rim' put within 'detent' is 'DETRIMENT'.
(Other definitions for detriment that I've seen before include "Damage, loss" , "Harm, damage" , "hurt" , "State of being harmed or damaged" , "Possible loss" .)