Dared to trouble a snake (5)
I believe the answer is:
adder
'a snake' is the definition.
(I know that adder is a type of viper)
'dared to trouble' is the wordplay.
'to trouble' indicates anagramming the letters.
'dared' with letters rearranged gives 'ADDER'.
(Other definitions for adder that I've seen before include "Venomous sort" , "Viper common in northern Eurasia" , "a poisonous type" , "venomous creature" , "Totting snake" .)