Desire to do one large American tenor (4)
I believe the answer is:
lust
'desire' is the definition.
(I know that lust is a more specific form of the action desire)
'large american tenor' is the wordplay.
'large' becomes 'L' (eg in clothes sizes).
'american' becomes 'US' (abbreviation for United States).
'tenor' becomes 't'.
'l'+'us'+'t'='LUST'
'to do one' is the link.
This may not be right. Some or all of it may be part of another bit of the clue.
Can you help me to learn more?
(Other definitions for lust that I've seen before include "Intense sexual desire, a deadly sin" , "Carnal desire" , "Lecherousness" , "Strong sexual desire" , "Depraved desire" .)