Dieter’s concern, perhaps, consuming zero chocolate substitute (5)
I believe the answer is:
carob
'chocolate substitute' is the definition.
(carob powder is a chocolate substitute)
I can't explain the remainder of the clue.
Can you help me to learn more?
(Other definitions for carob that I've seen before include "Evergreen tree with edible pods" , "Saint John's bread" , "Arabian tree with brownish-purple pods" , "St John's bread" , "Chocolate substitute pod" .)