Doctor hates having returned to position of responsibility (3,4)
I believe the answer is:
hot seat
'position of responsibility' is the definition.
(I've seen this before)
'doctor hates having returned to' is the wordplay.
'doctor' indicates an anagram.
'having' is an insertion indicator.
'returned' says the letters should be written backwards.
'to' backwards is 'ot'.
'hates' is an anagram of 'hseat'.
'hseat' going around 'ot' is 'HOT SEAT'.
(Other definitions for hot seat that I've seen before include "Hates to be in difficult position" , "from which bottom quick to rise?" , "Difficult situation" , "new constituency" , "Situation of responsibility or danger" .)