Drink one to limit bone disease (8)
I believe the answer is:
beriberi
'disease' is the definition.
(beriberi is a kind of health problem)
'drink one to limit bone' is the wordplay.
'drink' becomes 'beer' (beer is a kind of drink).
'one' becomes 'i' (Roman numeral).
'to limit' indicates putting letters inside.
'bone' becomes 'rib' (rib is a type of bone).
'beer'+'i'='beeri'
'beeri' going around 'rib' is 'BERIBERI'.
(Other definitions for beriberi that I've seen before include "Tropical vitamin deficiency disease" , "Asian disease caused by a dietary deficiency" , "Tropical disease affecting nerves" , "Lack-of-vitamin-B disease" , "Asian disease affecting the nerves and limbs" .)