Each little gun is exchanged for old gold coins (7)
I believe the answer is:
guineas
'coins' is the definition.
(guinea is a kind of coin)
I don't understand how the rest of the clue works.
Can you help me to learn more?
(Other definitions for guineas that I've seen before include "Former gold coins" , "They used to be worth 21 shillings" , "Old money - run at Newmarket" , "Obsolete coins (still used at Newmarket?)" .)