Extremely short after money taken from prime minister (6)
I believe the answer is:
priest
'minister' is the definition.
(a church minister)
'extremely short after money taken from prime' is the wordplay.
'extremely short' becomes 'st' (I am not sure about this - if you are sure you should give a lot more credence to this answer).
'after' means one lot of letters go next to another.
'money' becomes 'm' (abbreviation in economics).
'taken from' is a deletion indicator.
'prime' with 'm' taken away is 'prie'.
'st' put after 'prie' is 'PRIEST'.
(Other definitions for priest that I've seen before include "Religious functionary" , "Church minister" , "Religious leader" , "Art spy" , "Father" .)