Foreigner the child and I had seen running (7)
I believe the answer is:
chinese
'foreigner' is the definition.
The answer and definition can be both people as well as being singular nouns.
Perhaps there's an association between them I don't understand?
'the child and i had seen running' is the wordplay.
'the child' becomes 'ch'.
'and' says to put letters next to each other.
'had' is a charade indicator (letters next to each other).
'running' is an anagram indicator.
'seen' is an anagram of 'nese'.
'ch'+'i'+'nese'='CHINESE'
Can you help me to learn more?
(Other definitions for chinese that I've seen before include "Since he is from a very populated nation" , "from the east" , "See 13" , "From Shanghai, say?" , "Board game, -- checkers" .)