Goddess chose second nationality (5)
I believe the answer is:
irish
'nationality' is the definition.
(Irish is an example)
'goddess chose second' is the wordplay.
'goddess' becomes 'iris' (goddess of the rainbow).
'chose second' becomes 'h' (2nd letter of 'chose').
'iris'+'h'='IRISH'
(Other definitions for irish that I've seen before include "From Dublin, perhaps" , "Joyce was" , "W European" , "said to be lucky" , "Like Wilde or Yeats" .)