Having been caught at, is punished (6)
I believe the answer is:
beaten
'punished' is the definition.
(beating is a punishment)
'having been caught at is' is the wordplay.
I cannot quite see how this works, but
'at' is within the answer.
'is' could be 'be' and 'be' is found in the answer.
The remaining letters 'en' is a valid word which might be clued in a way I don't see.
This may be the basis of the clue (or it may be nonsense).
Can you help me to learn more?
(Other definitions for beaten that I've seen before include "Failed to win - punished" , "Struck; defeated" , "Formed or made thin by hammering" , "Thrashed or whisked" , "(Of food) whipped" .)