Inquisition victim, young woman associated with international sign (7)
I believe the answer is:
galileo
'inquisition victim' is the definition.
(Galileo was questioned by the Spanish Inquisition)
'young woman associated with international sign' is the wordplay.
'young woman' becomes 'gal' ('gal' can be a synonym of 'young woman').
'associated with' means one lot of letters go next to another.
'international' becomes 'i' (abbreviation eg in IMF).
'sign' becomes 'leo' (Leo is an example).
'gal'+'i'+'leo'='GALILEO'
(Other definitions for galileo that I've seen before include "Sixteenth and seventeenth century Italian astronomer tried for heresy" , "He said Eppur si muove (But it does move)" , "Great Italian astronomer and physicist of 16th/17th century" , "Famous Italian" , "Pioneer scientist" .)