Key, perhaps, to the primitive mind's acceptance of endless jargon (6)
I believe the answer is:
island
'key perhaps' is the definition.
(I know that cay is a type of coral island)
I don't understand the remainder of the clue.
Can you help me to learn more?
(Other definitions for island that I've seen before include "Man, maybe" , "Eg, Borneo" , "Body of land entirely surrounded by water" , "6 Across, for example" , "Possibly key" .)