Language student inspired by sign he translated (7)
I believe the answer is:
english
'language' is the definition.
(I know that English is a language)
'student inspired by sign he translated' is the wordplay.
'student' becomes 'L' (as in L-plates for learner drivers).
'inspired by' means one lot of letters goes inside another (some letters breathed in or 'inspired' by others).
'translated' indicates an anagram.
'sign'+'he'='signhe'
'signhe' is an anagram of 'engish'.
'l' going inside 'engish' is 'ENGLISH'.
(Other definitions for english that I've seen before include "Shingle (anag)" , "side" , "The nationality in his glen" , "Tongue" , "The . . . . . . . Patient (film) (7)" .)