Learners in hospital department restricted by bosses (8)
I believe the answer is:
students
'learners' is the definition.
(student is a kind of learner)
'hospital department restricted by bosses' is the wordplay.
'hospital department' becomes 'ent'.
'restricted by' means one lot of letters goes inside another (I've seen this in other clues).
'bosses' becomes 'studs' (boss can mean a type of metal stud).
'ent' going inside 'studs' is 'STUDENTS'.
'in' is the link.
(Other definitions for students that I've seen before include "Trainee medics possibly" , "Learners as at school" , "Teachers teach them" , "Eg, undergraduates" , "Tests dun? (anag)" .)