Obstinate creatures trodden underfoot (5)
I believe the answer is:
mules
'obstinate creatures' is the definition.
The definition and answer can be both animals as well as being plural nouns.
Maybe you can see an association between them that I don't see?
I can't explain the remainder of the clue.
Can you help me to learn more?
(Other definitions for mules that I've seen before include "Hybrid offsprings of a male donkey and a female horse" , "Offspring of male donkeys and female horses" , "Beasts of burden" , "Stubborn horse-donkey animaly" , "Backless slippers" .)