Of singular renown, bishop recently arrived (7)
I believe the answer is:
newborn
'recently arrived' is the definition.
The answer and definition are not the same part of speech. However, adjectives and past participle verbs sometimes define each other.
'of singular renown bishop' is the wordplay.
'of singular' indicates an anagram (I've seen 'singular' mean this).
'bishop' becomes 'B' (abbreviation for bishop in chess).
'renown'+'b'='renownb'
'renownb' anagrammed gives 'NEWBORN'.
Can you help me to learn more?
(Other definitions for newborn that I've seen before include "Recently given birth to" , "Neonate" , "Just entered the world" , "Recently delivered" , "Young baby" .)