Outcast's fathers' back-hair is within (7)
I believe the answer is:
pariahs
'outcast's fathers' back-hair is within' is the definition.
I can't judge whether this definition defines the answer.
'fathers' back-hair is within' is the wordplay.
'fathers'' becomes 'pas'' (pa is a kind of father).
'back' says the letters should be written in reverse.
'is within' is an insertion indicator.
'hair' written backwards gives 'riah'.
'pas' enclosing 'riah' is 'PARIAHS'.
Can you help me to learn more?
(Other definitions for pariahs that I've seen before include "Social outcasts" , "People one wouldn't associate with" .)