Parsimony has got queen into trouble (8)
I believe the answer is:
meanness
'parsimony' is the definition.
(I know that parsimony can be written as meanness)
'queen into trouble' is the wordplay.
'queen' becomes 'anne' (Queen Anne, 18th-century queen).
'into' means one lot of letters goes inside another.
'trouble' becomes 'mess'.
'anne' inserted within 'mess' is 'MEANNESS'.
'has got' is the link.
(Other definitions for meanness that I've seen before include "Miserly quality" , "Stingy nature" , "Lack of generosity" , "spite" , "'Stinginess, parsimony (8)'" .)