Part of chain put on Charlie in prison (5)
I believe the answer is:
clink
'prison' is the definition.
(the clink can informally mean prison)
'part of chain put on charlie' is the wordplay.
'part of chain' becomes 'link' (a chain is made up of links).
'put on' says to put letters next to each other.
'charlie' becomes 'c' (phonetic alphabet: alpha, bravo, charlie etc.).
'link' put after 'c' is 'CLINK'.
'in' is the link.
(Other definitions for clink that I've seen before include "Old London prison" , "1 ac [COOLER]" , "Rattle of coins; prison (slang)" , "Ringing sound - prison" , "Prison - knock glasses together" .)