Particle absorbed by some or other science (7)
I believe the answer is:
anatomy
'science' is the definition.
(anatomy is a kind of science)
'particle absorbed by some or other' is the wordplay.
'particle' becomes 'atom' (synonyms).
'absorbed by' indicates putting letters inside.
'some or other' becomes 'any' (any means some item or other).
'atom' inserted within 'any' is 'ANATOMY'.
(Other definitions for anatomy that I've seen before include "Scientific study of bodily structure" , "Study of (physical structure of) living things" , "Examining body" , "The scientific study of bodily structures" , "Science of bodily structure" .)