Prevailing weather conditions, etc, rising around Peruvian capital (7)
I believe the answer is:
climate
'prevailing weather conditions' is the definition.
(I've seen this before)
'etc rising around peruvian capital' is the wordplay.
'rising' says the letters should be written backwards (in a down clue, letters go up).
'around' indicates putting letters inside.
'peruvian capital' becomes 'lima' (capital of Peru).
'etc' written backwards gives 'cte'.
'cte' enclosing 'lima' is 'CLIMATE'.
(Other definitions for climate that I've seen before include "Came lit (anag.)" , "Mail, etc (anag.)" , "Mood" , "Feeling" , "Cite Mal (anag.)" .)