Pursued, catching ten to be punished (9)
I believe the answer is:
chastened
'be punished' is the definition.
('chastened' can be similar in meaning to 'punished')
'pursued catching ten' is the wordplay.
'pursued' becomes 'chased' ('chased' can be a synonym of 'pursued').
'catching' means one lot of letters goes inside another.
'chased' enclosing 'ten' is 'CHASTENED'.
'to' acts as a link.
(Other definitions for chastened that I've seen before include "Disciplined and humbled" , "Humiliated" , "Contrite" , "Admonished" , "remorseful" .)