Rotten Médoc, awfully pretentious (10)
I believe the answer is:
decomposed
'rotten' is the definition.
(synonyms)
'medoc awfully pretentious' is the wordplay.
'awfully' indicates an anagram.
'pretentious' becomes 'posed' (I am not sure about this - if you are sure you should believe this answer much more).
'medoc' is an anagram of 'decom'.
'decom'+'posed'='DECOMPOSED'
Can you help me to learn more?
(Other definitions for decomposed that I've seen before include "broken down" , "Decayed" .)