Ruler who died before the fiddle's invention (4)
I believe the answer is:
nero
(Other definitions for nero that I've seen before include "He's reported to have fiddled while Rome burned" , "Roman emperor who fiddled while Rome burned" , "Emperor (who fiddled while Rome burned?) d. AD68" , "Emperor said to have fiddled as Rome burned" , "Fiddling Roman emperor" .)