Second one exits African countries to avoid duty (8)
I believe the answer is:
malinger
'to avoid duty' is the definition.
I don't understand the rest of the clue.
Can you help me to learn more?
(Other definitions for malinger that I've seen before include "Feign illness to avoid work" , "Avoid work by feigning illness" , "Pretend to be sick" , "Loaf about in germinal way" , "Skive by pretending to be ill" .)