Some insurrectionists arraigned despot (4)
I believe the answer is:
tsar
'despot' is the definition.
(I've seen this before)
'some insurrectionists arraigned' is the wordplay.
'some' indicates the answer is hidden within the clue (some of the parts of the word are used).
'TSAR' is hidden within 'insurrectionists arraigned'.
(Other definitions for tsar that I've seen before include "Russian monarch" , "Autocrat" , "Tyrant" , "Rats to the Russian emperor" , "Word derived from Caesar, used by European rulers since 1547" .)