Strip clubs airbrushed from record cover (9)
I believe the answer is:
dismantle
'strip' is the definition.
(synonyms)
'clubs airbrushed from record cover' is the wordplay.
'clubs' becomes 'c' (abbreviation used in card games such as bridge).
'airbrushed from' is a deletion indicator (airbrush can mean to conceal or remove).
'record' becomes 'disc' (synonyms).
'cover' becomes 'mantle' (mantling is a kind of covering).
'disc' with 'c' removed is 'dis'.
'dis'+'mantle'='DISMANTLE'
(Other definitions for dismantle that I've seen before include "Strip down" , "Take to pieces" , "To demolish" , "strike" , "Pull to pieces" .)