Take over from superintendent adopting scheme (8)
I believe the answer is:
supplant
'take over from' is the definition.
(I've seen this before)
'superintendent adopting scheme' is the wordplay.
'superintendent' becomes 'supt' (I can't justify this - if you can you should give a lot more credence to this answer).
'adopting' indicates putting letters inside (inserted letters are taken on or adopted).
'scheme' becomes 'plan' (synonyms).
'supt' placed around 'plan' is 'SUPPLANT'.
Can you help me to learn more?
(Other definitions for supplant that I've seen before include "Oust" , "take another's place" , "Supersede and replace" , "Displace" .)