Teaching degree presented by setter perhaps (5)
I believe the answer is:
dogma
'teaching' is the definition.
(dogma is a kind of teaching)
'degree presented by setter perhaps' is the wordplay.
'degree' becomes 'MA' (Master of Arts is a type of degree).
'presented by' is a charade indicator (letters next to each other).
'setter perhaps' becomes 'dog' (setter is a type of dog).
'ma' after 'dog' is 'DOGMA'.
(Other definitions for dogma that I've seen before include "church teaching" , "Inflexible doctrine" , "Item of belief" , "Authoritative doctrine" , "Doctrine put forward as true, not to be questioned" .)