The Four Tops in concert are gladly extemporising a set of bars (4)
I believe the answer is:
cage
'set of bars' is the definition.
(a cage has bars)
I cannot understand how the remainder of the clue works.
Can you help me to learn more?
(Other definitions for cage that I've seen before include "Confine -- US composer, d. 1992" , "Box of bars to confine an animal" , "Barred container" , "Prison for 21" , "In which birds or animals are kept" .)