The PM arose to change prevailing mood (10)
I believe the answer is:
atmosphere
'prevailing mood' is the definition.
(atmosphere can mean a mood or air)
'the pm arose to change' is the wordplay.
'to change' is an anagram indicator.
'the'+'pm'+'arose'='thepmarose'
'thepmarose' anagrammed gives 'ATMOSPHERE'.
(Other definitions for atmosphere that I've seen before include "Pervading tone or mood" , "Gas surrounding a planet" , "prevailing mood" , "blue?" , "character" .)