Type of sultanate on the east of Qatar (5)
I believe the answer is:
roman
'type' is the definition.
(roman is a kind of type)
'sultanate on the east of qatar' is the wordplay.
'sultanate' becomes 'oman' (I've seen this before).
'on' says to put letters next to each other.
'the east of' indicates one should take the final letters (the rightmost letter).
The last letter of 'qatar' is 'r'.
'oman' put after 'r' is 'ROMAN'.
'of' acts as a link.
(Other definitions for roman that I've seen before include "Like the English alphabet" , "Audrey Hepburn film (time off in Italy)" , "Italian person" , "Like a type" , "Countryman of Mark Antony" .)