Vital translation - a new language (7)
I believe the answer is:
latvian
'language' is the definition.
(Latvian is an example)
'vital translation a new' is the wordplay.
'translation' indicates an anagram.
'new' becomes 'n' (common abbreviation eg NT for New Testament).
'vital' anagrammed gives 'latvi'.
'latvi'+'a'+'n'='LATVIAN'
(Other definitions for latvian that I've seen before include "of a recently liberated state" , "European national" , "republican" , "One from Riga" , "Baltic language" .)