Take back a sum fellow distributed to earn money quickly (4,1,4,4)
I believe the answer is:
make a fast buck
'earn money quickly' is the definition.
'take back a sum fellow distributed' is the wordplay.
'fellow' becomes 'f' (abbreviation - of a society etc.).
'distributed' is an anagram indicator.
'take'+'back'+'a'+'sum'+'f'='takebackasumf'
'takebackasumf' is an anagram of 'MAKE A FAST BUCK'.
'to' is the link.
(Other definitions for make a fast buck that I've seen before include "Cash in quickly (in America?)" , "Earn money, probably dubiously, quickly or easily" .)