A number of penitents (3)
I believe the answer is:
ten
'a number' is the definition.
(ten is a number)
'of penitents' is the wordplay.
'of' indicates a hidden word.
'TEN' is hidden within 'penitents'.
(Other definitions for ten that I've seen before include "Five times two" , "No of sides of a decagon" , "time" , "Base of decimal system" , "Half a score" .)