Arabic operation said to return Jews living outside Israel (8)
I believe the answer is:
diaspora
'jews living outside israel' is the definition.
(term for Jews living outside Israel)
'arabic operation said to return' is the wordplay.
'arabic' becomes 'ar' (abbreviation in Chambers).
'operation' becomes 'op'.
'to return' shows that the letters should be reversed in order.
'ar'+'op'+'said'='aropsaid'
'aropsaid' in reverse letter order is 'DIASPORA'.
(Other definitions for diaspora that I've seen before include "A great scattering, as of Jews from Egypt" , "Great dispersion of Jews - and later Irish" , "A Paris do? (anag)" , "The scattering of a nation's people" , "people's movement" .)