Good aristocrat takes note in French city (8)
I believe the answer is:
grenoble
'french city' is the definition.
(city in southeastern France)
'good aristocrat takes note in' is the wordplay.
'good' becomes 'g' (abbreviation).
'aristocrat' becomes 'Noble' (member of the nobility).
'takes' indicates putting letters inside.
'note in' becomes 're' (as in do-re-mi. I am not sure about the 'in' bit.).
'g'+'noble'='gnoble'
'gnoble' going around 're' is 'GRENOBLE'.
Can you help me to learn more?
(Other definitions for grenoble that I've seen before include "City of south-eastern France" , "City of SE France" , "French Alpine city" , "French city and skiing centre" , "City of southeast France" .)