Japan's capital before 1868 (5)

I believe the answer is:

kyoto

(Other definitions for kyoto that I've seen before include "Tokyo (anag) - former capital of Japan" , "Japan's old capital" , "Former Japanese capital city - Tokyo (anag)" , "Japanese city of treaty on climate change" , "Japanese capital before 1868" .)

I've seen this clue in The Guardian.

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