One minute -- case of doctor being in a hurry (9)
I believe the answer is:
impatient
'in a hurry' is the definition.
'one minute case of doctor' is the wordplay.
'one' becomes 'i' (Roman numeral).
'minute' becomes 'm' (abbreviation).
'case of doctor' becomes 'patient' (a medical case).
'i'+'m'+'patient'='IMPATIENT'
'being' is the link.
(Other definitions for impatient that I've seen before include "Unlike Job" , "dying" , "Job wasn't" , "Irritable" , "Pit at mine (anag.)" .)