Propose this to queen surprisingly succeeding father (3,3,8)
I believe the answer is:
pop the question
'propose' is the definition.
(synonyms)
'this to queen surprisingly succeeding father' is the wordplay.
'surprisingly' indicates an anagram (a surprising ordering of the letters).
'succeeding' is a charade indicator (letters next to each other) (succeeding can mean going after or following).
'father' becomes 'pop' (pop is a kind of father).
'this'+'to'+'queen'='thistoqueen'
'thistoqueen' is an anagram of 'thequestion'.
'thequestion' after 'pop' is 'POP THE QUESTION'.
(Other definitions for pop the question that I've seen before include "to ask for a hand" , "Propose" , "offer to form union" , "Suggest union" .)